Trade relations refer to the economic interactions between countries, including the buying and selling of goods and services, as well as investments and intellectual property. This area of research focuses on analyzing the impact of trade agreements, tariffs, and other trade policies on international trade flows, economic growth, and overall welfare. Researchers in this field examine the determinants of trade patterns, the effects of trade liberalization on different industries and countries, and the role of institutions and regulatory frameworks in shaping trade relations. Additionally, research in this area often explores the implications of globalization, technological advancements, and changing consumer preferences on trade dynamics.